Structural and Mechanistic Bases for Resistance of the M66I Capsid Variant to Lenacapavir.

Unlabelled: Lenacapavir (LEN) is the first in class viral capsid protein (CA) targeting antiretroviral for treating multi-drug-resistant HIV-1 infection. Clinical trials and cell culture experiments have identified resistance associated mutations (RAMs) in the vicinity of the hydrophobic CA pocket targeted by LEN. The M66I substitution conferred by far the highest level of resistance to the inhibitor compared to other RAMs.

Crystal structure of the GDP-bound human M-RAS protein in two crystal forms.

M-RAS plays a crucial role in the RAF-MEK signaling pathway. When activated by GTP, M-RAS forms a complex with SHOC2 and PP1C, initiating downstream RAF-MEK signal transduction. In this study, the crystal structure of the GDP-bound human M-RAS protein is presented with two forms of crystal packing.

Enhancing the apo protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2 crystal soaking strategy through inhibitor-accessible binding sites.

Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2 (PTPN2) has recently been recognized as a promising target for cancer immunotherapy. Despite extensive structural and functional studies of other protein tyrosine phosphatases, there is limited structural understanding of PTPN2. Currently, there are only five published PTPN2 structures and none are truly unbound due to the presence of a mutation, an inhibitor or a loop (related to crystal packing) in the active site.

Curating an online checklist for Erica L. (Ericaceae): contributing to and supporting global conservation through the World Flora Online.

To support the work of the Global Conservation Consortium for and update the checklist in the World Flora Online (WFO), we have curated the taxonomic backbone in the WFO by expanding it to include updated nomenclatural information from the International Plant Name Index, missing names present in the World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP), the Botanical Database of Southern Africa (BODATSA), and from the "International register of heather names" database, a data source not readily available online. The result is the most robust database of names to date, including 851 species, 111 subspecies, 244 varieties, and 2787 synonyms, which is a reliable reference for initiatives such as the identification aid, conservation prioritisation, and gap analyses. We disambiguate common orthographic variants within the database and present an overview of these.