Superconductivity up to 243 K in the yttrium-hydrogen system under high pressure.

The discovery of superconducting HS with a critical temperature T∼200 K opened a door to room temperature superconductivity and stimulated further extensive studies of hydrogen-rich compounds stabilized by high pressure. Here, we report a comprehensive study of the yttrium-hydrogen system with the highest predicted Ts among binary compounds and discuss the contradictions between different theoretical calculations and experimental data. We synthesized yttrium hydrides with the compositions of YH, YH, YH and YH in a diamond anvil cell and studied their crystal structures, electrical and magnetic transport properties, and isotopic effects.

Local electronic structure rearrangements and strong anharmonicity in YH under pressures up to 180 GPa.

The discovery of superconductivity above 250 K at high pressure in LaH and the prediction of overcoming the room temperature threshold for superconductivity in YH urge for a better understanding of hydrogen interaction mechanisms with the heavy atom sublattice in metal hydrides under high pressure at the atomic scale. Here we use locally sensitive X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (XAFS) to get insight into the nature of phase transitions and the rearrangements of local electronic and crystal structure in archetypal metal hydride YH under pressure up to 180 GPa. The combination of the experimental methods allowed us to implement a multiscale length study of YH: XAFS (short-range), Raman scattering (medium-range) and XRD (long-range).

Superconductivity at 250 K in lanthanum hydride under high pressures.

With the discovery of superconductivity at 203 kelvin in HS, attention returned to conventional superconductors with properties that can be described by the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer and the Migdal-Eliashberg theories. Although these theories predict the possibility of room-temperature superconductivity in metals that have certain favourable properties-such as lattice vibrations at high frequencies-they are not sufficient to guide the design or predict the properties of new superconducting materials. First-principles calculations based on density functional theory have enabled such predictions, and have suggested a new family of superconducting hydrides that possess a clathrate-like structure in which the host atom (calcium, yttrium, lanthanum) is at the centre of a cage formed by hydrogen atoms.

[Pharmacourodynamic non-invasive studies in patients with prostatic adenoma].

After examination 47 patients with prostatic adenoma (mean age 63 years) received a course of alpha1-adenoblocker (omsulosin in a dose 0.4 mg/day). A three-day uroflowmetric monitoring was made at home before and after treatment.