Early food intervention and skin emollients to prevent food allergy in young children (PreventADALL): a factorial, multicentre, cluster-randomised trial.

Background: Primary prevention of food allergy by early introduction of allergenic foods seems promising. We aimed to determine whether early food introduction or the application of regular skin emollients in infants from a general population reduced the risk of food allergy.

Methods: This 2 × 2 factorial, cluster-randomised trial was done at Oslo University Hospital and Østfold Hospital Trust, Oslo, Norway, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Methodological challenges to prospective study of an innovation: interregional nursing care management of cardiovascular patients.

This paper discusses the methodological challenges of conducting an interregional intersystem study in a highly competitive health care environment. Nurses from a three-hospital rural health consortium and an urban tertiary medical centre collaborated in a two-phase study (a) to describe current interregional cardiovascular health care process (phase I) and (b) to test an interregional nurse-coordinated cardiovascular health care model (phase II). Phase I was a 1-year exploratory descriptive retrospective study involving patient interviews and chart reviews.

Collaborative application of the nursing process to staff development challenges. The professional nurse and patient education.

Greater patient acuity and decreased length of stay for episodic care in hospitals increase the complexity of integrating patient education responsibilities into professional nursing practice. This article describes a problem-solving approach paralleling the nursing process developed through a regional, collaborative, experimental, action research approach. The process tool developed through this year-long activity can be applied to a variety of staff development challenges.

Continuing education for public health nursing leaders.

This paper has shared a specific conceptual framework and its use in the programme planning process for a leadership institute for public health nursing in the United States of America. The context, rationale, and value premises from which the framework for planning the institute evolved have been discussed. The fact that the framework provided a necessary planning structure for the committee members to function within has been stressed.