Concerns Regarding the Use of Kirchhoff's Laws in Pharmacokinetics.

Over the last two years the idea that the principles presented in Kirchhoff's circuit and voltage laws also pertain to pharmacokinetics (1-3). It is claimed that these principles make the elimination in the liver and kidney more straight forward to model and provide a rationale for understanding why sometimes during bioavailability studies one arrives at bioavailability values greater than 100%. In this paper it will be shown that these claims are based on incorrect translations of the Kirchhoff's Laws to pharmacokinetics.

Bactericidal Efficacy of So-Called Sanitizers in Japan.

Commercially available so-called sanitizers in Japan are often touted as having remarkable "sanitizing (jokin)" effect, "virus-removal" capabilities, and "99.99%" removal rate of microbes and pathogens. In this study, we investigated the bactericidal efficacy of these so-called sanitizers for environmental surfaces against Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Burkholderia cepacia-contaminated dentures possibly cause pneumonia.

We report a case in which a patient was suspected of developing pneumonia due to wearing dentures that were immersed in a storage solution contaminated with 3.0 × 10 colony-forming units (cfu)/mL of Burkholderia cepacia. It is highly possible that the contaminated denture solution entered the trachea and caused the pneumonia, possibly due to the prolonged supine positioning of the patient.

Peripheral Parenteral Nutrition Solutions and Bed Bath Towels as Risk Factors for Nosocomial Peripheral Venous Catheter-related Bloodstream Infection by .

In Japan, China, and Singapore, several studies have reported increased incidences of peripheral venous catheter-related bloodstream infection by during the summer. Therefore, we hypothesized that bed bathing with a -contaminated "clean" towels increases contact with the catheter and increases the odds of contaminating the peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN). We found that 1) professionally laundered "clean" towels used in hospitals have (3.

Possibility of a case of pneumonia caused by green tea contaminated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and countermeasures against it.

We report a patient who developed pneumonia after prolonged use of spray bottle containing green tea for hydration purposes. The cause was suspected to be a contamination of green tea because the patient's symptoms persisted and did not improve until stopping the use of the spray bottle and we also found the green tea in the spray bottle to harbor a high number of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1.2 × 10 colony forming units (cfu)/mL).