Tobacco, nicotine, and cannabis use and exposure in an Australian Indigenous population during pregnancy: A protocol to measure parental and foetal exposure and outcomes.

Background: The Australian National Perinatal Data Collection collates all live and stillbirths from States and Territories in Australia. In that database, maternal cigarette smoking is noted twice (smoking <20 weeks gestation; smoking >20 weeks gestation). Cannabis use and other forms of nicotine use, for example vaping and nicotine replacement therapy, are nor reported.

Design of Localized High Concentration Electrolytes for Fast-Charging Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Localized high-concentration electrolytes (LHCEs) have emerged as a promising class of electrolytes to improve the cycle life and energy density of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). While their application in batteries with lithium-metal anodes is extensively investigated, their behavior in systems with graphite anodes has received less research attention. Herein, the behaviors of four electrolytes in Graphite | LiNiO cells are compared.

Surface Stabilization of Cobalt-Free LiNiO with Niobium for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Lithium nickel oxide (LiNiO) is a promising next-generation cathode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), offering exceptionally high specific capacity and reduced material cost. However, the poor structural, surface, and electrochemical stabilities of LiNiO result in rapid loss of capacity during prolonged cycling, making it unsuitable for application in commercial LIBs. Herein, we demonstrate that incorporation of a small amount of niobium effectively suppresses the structural and surface degradation of LiNiO.