The important role of the histone acetyltransferases p300/CBP in cancer and the promising anticancer effects of p300/CBP inhibitors.

Histone acetyltransferases p300 (E1A-associated protein p300) and CBP (CREB binding protein), collectively known as p300/CBP due to shared sequence and functional synergy, catalyze histone H3K27 acetylation and consequently induce gene transcription. p300/CBP over-expression or over-activity activates the transcription of oncogenes, leading to cancer cell growth, resistance to apoptosis, tumor initiation and development. The discovery of small molecule inhibitors targeting p300/CBP histone acetyltransferase activity, bromodomains, dual inhibitors of p300/CBP and BRD4 bromodomains, as well as proteolysis-targeted-chimaera p300/CBP protein degraders, marks significant progress in cancer therapeutics.

Estimated pulse wave velocity associated with cognitive phenotypes in a rural older population in China: A cohort study.

Introduction: To examine the longitudinal association between estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) and cognitive phenotypes in a rural Chinese older population.

Methods: This population-based study included 1857 dementia-free participants (age ≥60 years) who were examined in 2014 and followed in 2018. ePWV was calculated using age and mean blood pressure (MBP).

Landscapes of gut microbiome and blood metabolomic signatures in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis.

Although disturbances in the gut microbiome have been implicated in multiple sclerosis (MS), little is known about the changes and interactions between the gut microbiome and blood metabolome, and how these changes affect disease-modifying therapy (DMT) in preventing the progression of MS. In this study, the structure and composition of the gut microbiota were evaluated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and an untargeted metabolomics approach was used to compare the serum metabolite profiles from patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and healthy controls (HCs). Results indicated that RRMS was characterized by phase-dependent α-phylogenetic diversity and significant disturbances in serum glycerophospholipid metabolism.

Functional Imaging Methods for Investigating 3D Choroid Plexus Organoids.

The choroid plexus (ChP) is a vital brain structure that produces cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and forms a selective barrier between the blood and CSF, essential for brain homeostasis. Composed of secretory epithelial cells, connective stroma, and a fenestrated vascular network, the ChP supports nutrient transport, immune surveillance, and the clearance of toxic by-products. Despite its significance in maintaining cerebral function, the mechanisms underlying its development and maturation remain poorly understood.

A low-dose CT reconstruction method using sub-pixel anisotropic diffusion.

Objectives: We present a new low-dose CT reconstruction method using sub-pixel and anisotropic diffusion.

Methods: The sub-pixel intensity values and their second-order differences were obtained using linear interpolation techniques, and the new gradient information was then embedded into an anisotropic diffusion process, which was introduced into a penalty-weighted least squares model to reduce the noise in low-dose CT projection data. The high-quality CT image was finally reconstructed using the classical filtered back-projection (FBP) algorithm from the estimated data.