Epigenetics of childhood obesity.

Background: Childhood obesity has become a global pandemic and is one of the strongest risk factors for cardiovascular disease later in life. The correlation of epigenetic marks with obesity and related traits is being elucidated. This review summarizes the latest research and its challenges in the study of epigenetics of (childhood) obesity.

Pharmacotherapeutic actions related to drug interaction alerts - a questionnaire study among Swedish hospital interns and residents in family medicine.

Purpose: To explore how hospital interns and residents specialising in family medicine act on drug interaction alerts in a specific patient case, and on interaction alerts in general.

Methods: A 4-page questionnaire, including a fictional patient case (73-year-old woman; 10 drugs in the medication list triggering 11 drug interaction alerts) and questions regarding the use of interaction alerts in general, was distributed to interns and residents during educational sessions (November‒December 2023). The respondents were instructed to consider what actions they would take "a normal day at work" due to the risk of interactions between the patients' drugs.

Inter-rater agreement for detection of potentially inappropriate medication according to explicit and implicit STOPP criteria.

The Screening Tool of Older Person's Prescriptions (STOPP) is used to detect potentially inappropriate medication. Version 2 includes 80 criteria, whereof two can be considered implicit as their detection primarily relies on the assessor's expertise: (A1) drugs without indication and (A2) drug treatment beyond recommended duration. To explore the inter-rater agreement for detection of explicit and implicit criteria, data on consecutive primary care patients from a previous study (n = 302, 65-99 years of age) were used, including independent assessments of the 78 explicit criteria (23 556 assessments) and the two implicit criteria (604 assessments) by two specialist physicians.

Do job demands and resources differ between permanent and temporary eldercare workers in Sweden?

Introduction: Eldercare organizations face high sickness absence rates and staff turnover and rely heavily on temporary workers to fill staffing gaps. Temporary workers may experience differences in job demands and resources compared with permanent workers, but this has been largely understudied.

Objective: To compare perceived job demands and resources between permanent and temporary Swedish eldercare workers.

Molecular model of a bacterial flagellar motor reveals a "parts-list" of protein adaptations to increase torque.

One hurdle to understanding how molecular machines work, and how they evolve, is our inability to see their structures . Here we describe a minicell system that enables cryogenic electron microscopy imaging and single particle analysis to investigate the structure of an iconic molecular machine, the bacterial flagellar motor, which spins a helical propeller for propulsion. We determine the structure of the high-torque motor including the subnanometre-resolution structure of the periplasmic scaffold, an adaptation essential to high torque.