The effects of professional expertise on perceptions of treatment need in patients with class II division 1 malocclusion: a comparison between orthodontists, general dentists, and lay people in Germany.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the perception of practitioners with varying levels of expertise and laypeople regarding the orthodontic treatment need and facial harmony in patients with increased anterior overjet.

Methods: Three groups of observers (orthodontists, general dentists, and laypeople, in total n = 48) were asked to rate on images-using a 10-point visual analog scale (VAS)-the facial harmony and treatment need of a sample of 8 patients with class II division 1 malocclusion and overjets of 2, 4, 6, and 8 mm.

Results: Statistically significant differences were observed between the three groups of observers regarding patients with an overjet of 4 mm and above (p < 0.

Ischemic Cardiomyopathy Affects the Thioredoxin System in the Human Myocardium.

Background: Oxidative stress due to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is a key factor in the development of heart failure (HF). This study investigated the thioredoxin (Trx) system, which plays a major role in antioxidant defense, in patients suffering from ischemic (ICM) or dilated (DCM) cardiomyopathy.

Methods And Results: Myocardial tissue from ICM (n = 13) and DCM (n = 13) patients, as well as septal tissue of patients with aortic stenosis but without diagnosed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or subaortic stenosis (control; n = 12), was analyzed for Trx1, Trx-interacting protein (TXNIP) and E3 ligase ITCH (E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Itchy homolog) expression.

[Validity of the ICD-10 Symptom Rating (ISR) in a Non-Clinical Sample].

The ICD-10 symptom rating (ISR) is a self-rating instrument that is based on ICD-10 syndromes. Can previous findings concerning its validity be replicated in a non-clinical sample? N=428 study participants - mainly students - completed the ISR and the SCL-90-R in an online survey. The assumed factorial structure was replicated with a good model fit.

Qualification of ship doctors: a German approach.

Background: While a steady growth of cruise tourism since the 1970s created an increasing demand for ship doctors medical postgraduate specialty training did not sufficiently reflect the scope of skills and knowledge required from a physician being left to himself at sea. The German Maritime Health Association therefore tasked a working group with analysing the situation and coming up with suggestions for an adequate postgraduate training for ship doctors.

Materials And Methods: The working group consisted of 19 experts with various backgrounds in maritime medicine.