Characterization of the carbapenem-resistant clinical reference isolate BAL062 (CC2:KL58:OCL1): resistance properties and capsular polysaccharide structure.

The carbapenem-resistant isolate BAL062 is a clinical reference isolate used in several recent experimental studies. It is from a ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) patient in an intensive care unit at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (HTD), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam in 2009. Here, BAL062 was found to belong to the B sub-lineage of global clone 2 (GC2) isolates in the previously reported outbreak (2008 and 2012) of carbapenem-resistant VAP at the HTD.

New lactate- and pyruvate-containing polysaccharide and rhamnomannan with xylose residues from the cell wall of Rathayibacter oskolensis VKM Ac-2121.

The cell wall of endophytic strain Rathayibacter oskolensis VKM Ac-2121 (family Microbacteriaceae, class Actinomycetes) was found to contain neutral and acidic glycopolymers. The neutral polymer is a block-type rhamnomannan partially should be substitutied by xylose residues, [→2)-α-[β-D-Xylp-(1 → 3)]-D-Manp-(1 → 3)-α-D-Rhap-(1→] [→2)-α-D-Manp-(1 → 3)-α-D-Rhap-(1→]. The acidic polymer has branched chain, bearing lactate and pyruvate residues, →4)-α-D-[S-Lac-(2-3)-α-L-Rhap-(1 → 3)]-D-Manp-(1 → 3)-α-D-[4,6-R-Pyr]-D-Galp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1 →.

Glycoengineering directs de novo biomanufacturing of UPEC O21 O-antigen polysaccharide based glycoprotein.

Glycoproteins, in which polysaccharides are usually attached to proteins, are an important class of biomolecules that are widely used as therapeutic agents in clinical treatments for decades. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) O21 has been identified as a serogroup that induces urinary tract infections, with a global increasing number among women and young children. Therefore, there is an urgent need to establish protective vaccines against UPEC infection.

A highly branched novel galactofuranan in the cell wall of Clavibacter tesselarius VKM Ac-1406.

The structures of two cell wall glycopolymers were studied in the plant pathogenic bacterium Clavibacter tesselarius VKM Ac-1406 (family Microbacteriaceae, order Micrococcales, class Actinomycetes). The predominant polymer was a novel (1 → 6)-linked β-d-galactofuranan with a highly branched repeating unit, α-L-Rhap-(1 → 3)-α-D-Galp-(1 → 2)-[α-L-Rhap-(1 → 3)]-α-D-Fucp-(1 →, at O-2 on every second galactofuranose residue. The second polymer present in small amounts was acidic with the repeating unit, →3)-α-D-Galp-(1 → 3)-α-D-[4,6-S-Pyr]-Manp-(1 → 3)-α-D-Manp-[2OAc]-(1→, and was reported in all Clavibacter species investigated to date.

5,7-Diamino-3,5,7,9-tetradeoxynon-2-ulosonic Acids in the Capsular Polysaccharides of Acinetobacter baumannii.

The polysaccharide capsule surrounding bacterial cell plays an important role in pathogenesis of infections caused by the opportunistic pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii by providing protection from external factors. The structures of the capsular polysaccharide (CPS) produced by A. baumannii isolates and the corresponding CPS biosynthesis gene clusters are highly diverse, although many of them are related.