Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the existence of social solidarity: evidence from rural-urban communities in Lombok Island, Indonesia.

The COVID-19 pandemic that has hit the entire world since the beginning of 2020 is an unimaginable phenomenon. The pandemic is disastrous because it has caused loss of life and livelihood for a large part of the population. People lose their jobs, spaces for social interaction are closed, and social relationships are disrupted.

Flooding tolerance of four tropical peatland tree species in a nursery trial.

In order to facilitate hydrological restoration, initiatives have been conducted to promote tree growth in degraded and rewetted peatlands in Indonesia. For these initiatives to be successful, tree seedlings need to be able to survive flooding episodes, with or without shade. We investigated the survival rates and the formation of adventitious roots in the case of four tree species exposed to combinations of different shading and water levels under controlled conditions in a nursery, with artificial rainwater and with peat soil as the medium.

Effect of glycerol concentration and carboxy methyl cellulose on biodegradable film characteristics of seaweed waste.

waste seaweed has high cellulose content. Therefore, it could be potentially used as a raw material for biodegradable films to replace plastic. A plastic film is its moisture resistance, and this property allows plastic films to be used as packaging materials and biodegraded by microbes.

Design of gossypetin derivatives based on naturally occurring flavonoid in and the molecular docking as antibacterial agents.

Objectives: This study was purposed to design gossypetin derivatives which have higher activity than the parent compound found in and to find the most potent compound as the antibacterial agent.

Methods: Twenty-five gossypetin derivatives were designed by conjugation the molecular structure of gossypetin with acyl group from some natural phenolic acids. The antibacterial activity was predicted by docking simulation on DNA gyrase (PDB.

Seed dormancy and germination of Asarum sieboldii, a disjunct relict species in East Asia.

Disjunct species in the same genus are a common feature of the flora in the temperate forests of East Asia and eastern North America. This study aimed to evaluate whether the kind of seed dormancy was maintained after species in the genus Asarum (Aristolochiaceae) were separated from their common ancestor. We classified the seed dormancy of Asarum sieboldii, an East Asian species, based on a phenology study and experiments in controlled temperature conditions, and then compared it to that of the previously studied A.