Democratizing Microreactor Technology for Accelerated Discoveries in Chemistry and Materials Research.

Microreactor technologies have emerged as versatile platforms with the potential to revolutionize chemistry and materials research, offering sustainable solutions to global challenges in environmental and health domains. This survey paper provides an in-depth review of recent advancements in microreactor technologies, focusing on their role in facilitating accelerated discoveries in chemistry and materials. Specifically, we examine the convergence of microfluidics with machine intelligence and automation, enabling the exploitation of the cyber-physical environment as a highly integrated experimentation platform for rapid scientific discovery and process development.

Dynamical instability of the motion of atoms in a silicon crystal.

The dynamical nature of the motion of atoms in a silicon crystal is investigated from the information theoretic standpoint with time series analysis about numerical solutions of molecular dynamics simulation. The atomic motion exhibits exponential decay of information entropy with a characteristic time scale of approximately 40 x 10(-15) sec. This observation may be interpreted as a signature of microscopic dynamical instability in solids.

Epitaxial growth of a low-density framework form of crystalline silicon: a molecular-dynamics study.

Crystal growth processes of low-density framework forms of crystalline silicon, named Si clathrates ( Si34 and Si46), during solid phase epitaxy (SPE) have been successfully observed in molecular-dynamics simulations using the Tersoff potential. The activation energy of SPE for Si34 has been found to correspond with the experimental value ( approximately 2.7 eV) for the cubic diamond phase, while the SPE rates of Si46 are much lower than that of Si34.