Genetic variation in zona pellucida-3 (ZP3) gene and its association with litter size variation in Kari sheep.

Variation in litter size (LS) in sheep is linked to genetic factors, including the Zona pellucida-3 (ZP3) gene, which plays a role in ovine reproductive processes. This study examined the association between ZP3 gene variations and LS in Kari sheep. Two groups of 160 Kari ewes were analysed: one consistently producing singletons and another producing twins, with occasional triplets.

Ideal burn resuscitation: a step toward resolving the dilemma in acute flame burn management.

Following severe burns, the predominant concern is significant fluid loss, for which balanced crystalloid solutions are widely recommended as the primary intravenous resuscitation fluids. However, current literature lacks a clear distinction among various buffered crystalloid types that might be most effective in the early resuscitation of burn patients. This retrospective study was conducted to identify the optimal resuscitation fluid for major burns and to assess the clinical outcomes associated with isotonic crystalloid solutions compared to hypotonic crystalloids, specifically in terms of urinary output, acid-base balance, and electrolyte stability.

Perspectives of medical students on the implementation of sub-internship rotation in year 5 surgical clerkship: A brief report from a private medical college in Pakistan.

This study aims to explore the perspectives of medical students on the newly introduced Surgical Sub-internship (SI) rotation in year 5 Surgical Clerkship. This cross-sectional study was conducted at The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan from September 2022 to September 2023. A self-designed 5-point Likert scale-based evaluation form was created to explore students' perspectives regarding their one-week Surgical SI rotation.

Advances in Antidepressant Therapy: Comparing the Efficacy of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs), and Novel Agents.

Introduction Depression is a prevalent and debilitating condition that often requires long-term medication management. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are commonly used but have limitations in efficacy and tolerability for some individuals. New antidepressant drugs targeting multiple pathways have shown potential in recent research.

Correlation between selenium levels and selenoproteins expression in idiopathic generalized epilepsy: a study from Karachi.

Background: Oxidative damage has been implicated in multiple neurodegenerative diseases, including epilepsy. Selenium, in the form of selenoproteins is an integral part of the human antioxidant defense system. Though a relationship between the altered selenium levels and epilepsy has been reported, limited evidence is available about the expression pattern of selenoproteins in epileptic patients.