Purpose: Regarding a wide variety of researches conducted with various therapeutic effect of crocin, the main constituent of saffron, the current study aims to assess the efficacy of crocin to improve learning and memory impairment caused by withdrawal following concurrent usage of ethanol (Eth) and nicotine (Nic) in adolescent male rats.
Methods: In order to test memory fucntion, Morris water maze and passive avoidance methods were applied in male Wistar rats undergone adolescent Nic-Eth withdrawal and the effect of crocin treatment was assessed at both behavioral and biochemical levels. The biochemical parameters included the inflammatory cytokines, indicators of oxidative stress and cholinergic metabolism within the hippocampla tissues.
Background: The present study aims to assess the therapeutic potential of vitamin C (Vit C) on anxiety- and depressive-like behavior induced by abstinence from chronic nicotine-ethanol co-exposure in adolescent male rats.
Materials And Methods: Adolescent male rats were divided into seven experimental groups with ten rats as follows: 1) vehicle, 2) Nicotine (Nic)-Ethanol (Eth): received Nic (2 mg/kg) and Eth (20%) in drinking water from 21 to 42 days of age, 3-5) Nic-Eth-Vit C 100/200/400: received Nic and Eth from 21 to 42 days of age and received Vit C 100/200/400 mg/kg from 43 to 63 days of age, 6) Nic-Eth-Bupropion (Bup)- Naloxone (Nal): received Nic and Eth from 21 to 42 days of age and received Bup and Nal from 43 to 63 days of age, and 7) Vit C 400 mg/kg: received Vit C 400 mg/kg from 43 to 63 days of age. Behavioral assessments were done by elevated plus maze (EPM), forced swimming test (FST), marble burring test (MBT), and open field tests (OFT).
Growing evidence indicates that adolescent substance abuse is now an alarming concern that imposes a considerable socio-economic burden on societies. On the other hand, numerous studies have shown that due to specific neurophysiological features, the brain is more vulnerable to the adverse effects of psychoactive drugs at an early age. Unfortunately, these negative effects are not limited to the period of drug use, but can persistently affect the brain's responsiveness to future exposures to the same or other types of drug.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Dev Neurosci
August 2024
Objective: Ethanol (Eth) intake is known to cause numerous detrimental effects on the structure and function of the brain, and it is commonly used as a psychostimulant drug by adolescents. Conversely, omega-3 (O) can reduce the risk of cognitive decline and promote the maintenance of neurophysiological functions. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of O on behavioral alterations, oxidative stress, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels induced by chronic Eth intake during adolescence in rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
May 2024
Substance abuse among adolescents has become a growing issue throughout the world. The significance of research on this life period is based on the occurrence of neurobiological changes in adolescent brain which makes the individual more susceptible for risk-taking and impulsive behaviors. Alcohol and nicotine are among the most available drugs of abuse in adolescents.
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