Deep learning approach of diffusion-weighted imaging as an outcome predictor in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer patients with radiotherapy-related curative treatment: a preliminary study.

Objectives: This preliminary study aimed to develop a deep learning (DL) model using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps to predict local recurrence and 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer patients treated with various forms of radiotherapy-related curative therapy.

Methods: Seventy patients with laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers treated by radiotherapy, chemoradiotherapy, or induction-(chemo)radiotherapy were enrolled and divided into training (N = 49) and test (N = 21) groups based on presentation timeline. All patients underwent MR before and 4 weeks after the start of radiotherapy.

Deep Learning for the Preoperative Diagnosis of Metastatic Cervical Lymph Nodes on Contrast-Enhanced Computed ToMography in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

We investigated the value of deep learning (DL) in differentiating between benign and metastatic cervical lymph nodes (LNs) using pretreatment contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). This retrospective study analyzed 86 metastatic and 234 benign (non-metastatic) cervical LNs at levels I-V in 39 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) who underwent preoperative CT and neck dissection. LNs were randomly divided into training (70%), validation (10%), and test (20%) sets.

Periodontal inflammation triggers a site-specific and wide radius of calcium metabolic effects on alveolar bone.

Background And Objective: There is a close relationship between inflammation and bone remodeling in the periodontium. However, previous studies have not delineated the alterations in calcium (Ca) metabolism during periodontitis progression. The aim of this current investigation was to examine Ca dynamics in alveolar bone of rats during progression of ligature-induced periodontal inflammation by using Ca, which is an index of hard tissue neogenesis.

Temporal and dynamic changes in gingival blood flow during progression of ligature-induced periodontitis.

Objectives: To evaluate temporal changes in gingival blood flow (GBF) during progression of periodontitis in rats using a laser Doppler flowmeter (LDF) approach and to characterize morphological and biochemical features in the periodontium associated with GBF.

Materials And Methods: Forty-two Wistar rats were divided into a ligature-induced periodontitis group and a control group. To induce periodontitis, ligatures were tied around maxillary first molars bilaterally.

IFN-λ3 as a host immune response in acute hepatitis E virus infection.

Background And Aim: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is mainly transmitted orally, either waterborne or zoonotic foodborne. Intestinal viruses such as rotavirus are known to induce type III interferon (IFN) in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract where type III IFN dominantly functions in comparison with type I IFN. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the significance of type III IFN (IFN-λ3) in acute hepatitis E.