Improving pediatric magnetic resonance imaging safety by enhanced non-technical skills and team collaboration.

Background: Safe pediatric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ideally relies on non-sedative techniques, as avoiding risky sedation is inherently safer. However, in practice, sedation often becomes unavoidable, particularly for younger children or those with anxiety, to ensure motion-free, high-quality imaging. This narrative review explores the current practices and proposes strategies to enhance safety in pediatric MRI examinations.

Investigation of pure lung microbiota in patients with lung cancer after eliminating upper airway contamination: a prospective cohort study.

Background: While the relationship between gut microbiota and gastrointestinal cancer has been elucidated, the relationship between lung microbiota and lung cancer remains unclear. Previous study findings are inconclusive due to the possibility of contamination by upper airway microbiota in samples obtained from the oropharynx, such as saliva and sputum, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) collected during bronchoscopy. Therefore, this study aimed to detect pure lung microbiota in patients with lung cancer using BALF samples from resected lung specimens.

Five-year analysis of hospital complaints at a Japanese tertiary teaching hospital.

Background: Patient complaint taxonomies strongly support the use of healthcare complaints as a powerful tool to improve the quality and safety of patient care. Hospitals use complaint data at the organizational level to address quality variation across service lines and departments.

Methods: We applied a validated typology method to identify where the complaints occured and gained deeper insights about how they can be more effectively utilized to drive and implement continuous quality and service improvement activities within a tertiary hospital.

A tumor-naive ctDNA assay detects minimal residual disease in resected stage II or III colorectal cancer and predicts recurrence: subset analysis from the GALAXY study in CIRCULATE-Japan.

Purpose: Analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) may enable early identification of patients likely to relapse, presenting an opportunity for early interventions and improved outcomes. Tumor-naïve plasma-only approaches for molecular residual disease (MRD) assessment accelerate turnaround time, enabling rapid treatment decisions and ongoing surveillance.

Experimental Design: Plasma samples were obtained from 80 study participants with stage II or III colorectal cancer (CRC) selected from CIRCULATE-Japan GALAXY.

Prognostic and predictive factors for the efficacy and safety of trastuzumab deruxtecan in HER2-positive gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer.

Background: Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) is an antibody-drug conjugate targeting HER2-positive gastric cancer or gastroesophageal junction cancer (GC/GEJC). Although effective, T-DXd has notable toxicities, including interstitial lung disease (ILD). This study evaluated the efficacy, safety, and prognostic factors associated with T-DXd for GC/GEJC.