Use of human papillomavirus genotyping and biomarkers for targeted screening of anal dysplasia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.

Background: Screening for anal dysplasia in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients is not standardized. High-resolution imaging is not adequate for mass screening, and anal cytology requires expertise. New biomarkers, selected because of their use in cervical cancer mass screening, have been originally tested for targeted and easy-to-perform screening.

Which patients should be tested for viruses on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid?

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a major diagnostic tool in lung diseases, including viral respiratory infections. We aimed to better define the situations where viral tests should be performed on BAL fluid (BALF). We retrospectively studied all cases where viral tests [immunofluorescence, immunocytochemistry, viral culture, and/or polymerase chain reaction (PCR)] were performed on BALF during a period of 1 year (2008) in our institution.

Human herpes virus co-infection is associated with mortality in HIV-negative patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia.

The purpose of this investigation was to characterize the management and prognosis of severe Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative patients. An observational cohort study of HIV-negative adults with PJP documented by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) through Gomori-Grocott staining or immunofluorescence, admitted to one intensive care unit (ICU) for acute respiratory failure, was undertaken. From 1990 to 2010, 70 patients (24 females, 46 males) were included, with a mean age of 58.

Astrovirus and digestive disorders in neonatal units.

Aim: To describe clinical signs associated with Human Astrovirus (HAstV) in stools in neonatal units.

Methods: During 2005-2006, all stool virology performed for isolated digestive symptoms or suspicion of neonatal infection was tested for HAstV by an amplified enzyme-linked immunoassay (IDEIA™ Astrovirus test, Dako Cytomation). Each newborn with a positive result (HAstV+ group) was retrospectively matched with the first following symptomatic newborn in the same care unit having a negative stool virology (HAstV- group).

Detection of HHV-6 in over a thousand samples: new types of infection revealed by an analysis of positive results.

Background: Clinical manifestations of human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) have not been clearly defined, and the role of HHV-6 in human disease remains to be fully elucidated.

Objective: To determine the frequency of HHV-6 infections at Rennes Teaching Hospital and to describe all possible symptoms of such infections.

Study Design: We systematically analyzed in a retrospective study all the samples between May 2003 and December 2004 from patients with HHV-6 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).