Effect of functional electrical stimulation on the proprioception, motor function of the paretic upper limb, and patient quality of life: A case report.

Unlabelled: Functional electrical stimulation (FES) has shown to improve motor function of the affected side in stroke patients; however, the effects of FES on proprioception, the functional recovery of the paretic upper limb, and the patient quality of life (QoL) are not clear. The aim of the current case report was to determine whether FES can improve joint position sense and the scores on measurements of upper limb function and a QoL survey. The participant was assessed before and after 10 consecutive intervention sessions; in addition, the patient performed the training tasks in the workstation assisted by the FES device.

Optical redox ratio differentiates breast cancer cell lines based on estrogen receptor status.

Autofluorescence spectroscopy is a powerful imaging technique that exploits endogenous fluorophores. The endogenous fluorophores NADH and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) are two of the principal electron donors and acceptors in cellular metabolism, respectively. The optical oxidation-reduction (redox) ratio is a measure of cellular metabolism and can be determined by the ratio of NADH/FAD.

Preferential accumulation of 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX in breast cancer: a comprehensive study on six breast cell lines with varying phenotypes.

We describe the potential of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-induced protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence as a source of contrast for margin detection in commonly diagnosed breast cancer subtypes. Fluorescence intensity of PpIX in untreated and ALA-treated normal mammary epithelial and breast cancer cell lines of varying estrogen receptor expression were quantitatively imaged with confocal microscopy. Percentage change in fluorescence intensity integrated over 610-700 nm (attributed to PpIX) of posttreated compared to pretreated cells showed statistically significant differences between four breast cancer and two normal mammary epithelial cell lines.

Epidermoid cysts in the hand.

This study details our series of epidermoid cysts in the hand, characterising the incidence, clinical characteristics and recurrence rate after marginal excision. A historical cohort of 101 epidermoid cysts that were excised from a soft tissue or intraosseous location in the hand over a 27 year period were reviewed. The incidence of epidermoid cysts, patient age, sex, occupation, anatomic location, history of trauma, treatment complications and cyst recurrence rate were noted.