Contrasting Approaches in the Implementation of GRADE Methodology in Guidelines for Haemophilia and Von Willebrand Disease.

Introduction: The 2024 ISTH clinical practice guideline (CPG) for treatment of congenital haemophilia, the NBDF-McMaster Guideline on Care Models for Haemophilia Management, and ASH ISTH NBDF WFH guidelines on the diagnosis and management of VWD all utilised GRADE methodology.

Aim: Discuss missed opportunities and the methodological approach of the ISTH Guideline in contrast to how GRADE was previously applied in rare diseases.

Methods: Critically analyse the methodology of each guideline along with best practices in the use of GRADE.

International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Clinical Practice Guideline for Treatment of Congenital Haemophilia-A Critical Appraisal.

Introduction: Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines drive optimal patient care and facilitate access to high-quality treatment. Creating guidelines for rare diseases such as haemophilia, where evidence does not often come from randomized controlled trials but from non-randomized and well-designed observational studies and real-world data, is challenging. The methodology used for assessing available evidence should consider this critical fact.

TNFR2 blockade promotes antitumoral immune response in PDAC by targeting activated Treg and reducing T cell exhaustion.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive cancers, highly resistant to standard chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) expressing tumor necrosis factor α receptor 2 (TNFR2) contribute to immunosuppression in PDAC. Treg infiltration correlates with poor survival and tumor progression in patients with PDAC.

Photovoltaic pumping tests: A novel supervision method for photovoltaic water pumping systems.

Water pumps powered by photovoltaic energy, often named 'photovoltaic water pumping systems' (PVWPS), offer a promising solution for improving water access in developing regions. Regular pumping tests are essential for characterizing boreholes and ensuring sustainable groundwater extraction. Traditionally, these tests are conducted only at the time of PVWPS installation using diesel pumps.

Longitudinal assessment of thyroid function in dogs with hypoadrenocorticism: Clinical outcomes and prevalence of autoantibodies.

Background: Knowledge about primary hypoadrenocorticism coexisting with immune-mediated thyroiditis (Schmidt's syndrome) in dogs is limited.

Objective: To evaluate thyroid function in dogs with naturally occurring hypoadrenocorticism before and during treatment.

Animals: Sixty-six client-owned dogs.