Distribution of sialic acids in the milk of spanish mothers of full term infants during lactation.

Objectives: The protective effect of human milk against infection is well known. Several non-immunologic components, including complex carbohydrates, have been described. The present study was undertaken to determine the sialic acid distribution in different milk fractions (complex carbohydrates).

Lactational changes in the fatty acid composition of human milk gangliosides.

The objectives of this work were to study the FA composition of milk gangliosides, as well as to gain further insight into the characterization of human milk gangliosides. The potential capacity of human milk gangliosides to adhere to human enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC-strains) was also studied. Human milk gangliosides were isolated and identified by high-performance TLC or immunoassay.

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains bind bovine milk gangliosides in a ceramide-dependent process.

Diarrhea caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the main infectious disease of newborn calves. The first step of infection involves bacterial attachment to the intestinal mucosa. This adhesion is mediated by fimbriae that recognize some glycoconjugates on the host cell surface, in particular, several gangliosides.

Binding of milk oligosaccharides by several enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from calves.

Milk oligosaccharides have been proposed to play an important role in newborn defense, blocking bacterial adhesion to the intestinal mucosa and preventing infections. Some studies have been performed on human milk oligosaccharides. Here we checked whether bovine milk oligosaccharides would achieve the same protective action against the most common calf enteric pathogens.

Sialyloligosaccharides in human and bovine milk and in infant formulas: variations with the progression of lactation.

Several lines of research support a role for human milk oligosaccharides in the defense of breast-fed infants against pathogens. Some ofthese oligosaccharides contain at least one moiety of sialic acid and are, thus, termed sialyloligosaccharides. These constitute a significant component (>1 g/L) of human milk.