Running-Related Injury From an Engineering, Medical and Sport Science Perspective.

Etiologic factors associated to running injuries are reviewed, with an emphasis on the transient shock waves experienced during foot strike. In these terms, impact mechanics are analyzed from both, a biomechanical and medical standpoint and evaluated with respect injury etiology, precursors and morbidity. The complex interaction of runner specific characteristics on the employed footwear system are examined, providing insight into footwear selection that could act as a preventive measure against non-acute trauma incidence.

Gait-Specific Optimization of Composite Footwear Midsole Systems, Facilitated through Dynamic Finite Element Modelling.

Objective: During the last century, running shoes have been subject to drastic changes with incremental however improvements as to injury prevention. This may be, among others, due to the limited insight that experimental methodologies can provide on their 3D in situ response. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of finite element (FE) modelling techniques, in optimizing a midsole system as to the provided cushioning capacity.

The Effect of Body Mass on the Shoe-Athlete Interaction.

Long-distance running is known to induce joint overloading and elevate cytokine levels, which are the hallmarks for a variety of running-related injuries. To address this, footwear systems incorporate cushioning midsoles to mitigate injurious mechanical loading. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of athlete body mass on the cushioning capacity of technical footwear.

FEM assisted evaluation of PMMA and Ti6Al4V as materials for cranioplasty resulting mechanical behaviour and the neurocranial protection.

Recent advances in Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing techniques (CAD/CAM) have facilitated the rapid and precise construction of customized implants used for craniofacial reconstruction. Data of the patients' trauma, acquired through Computer Topographies (CT), provide sufficient information with regard to the defect contour profile, thus allowing a thorough preoperative evaluation whilst ensuring excellent implant precision. During the selection, however, of a suitable implant material for the specific trauma, the mechanical aspects of the implant have to be considered.