Demographics, Epidemiology, Mortality, and Difficult-To-Treat Resistance Patterns of Bacterial Bloodstream Infections in the Global United States Military Health System from 2010-2019: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To describe demographics, causative pathogens, hospitalization, mortality, and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial bloodstream infections (BSIs) among beneficiaries in the global U.S. Military Health System (MHS), a single-provider healthcare system with 10-year longitudinal follow-up.

Targeting pleuro-alveolar junctions reverses lung fibrosis in mice.

Lung fibrosis development utilizes alveolar macrophages, with mechanisms that are incompletely understood. Here, we fate map connective tissue during mouse lung fibrosis and observe disassembly and transfer of connective tissue macromolecules from pleuro-alveolar junctions (PAJs) into deep lung tissue, to activate fibroblasts and fibrosis. Disassembly and transfer of PAJ macromolecules into deep lung tissue occurs by alveolar macrophages, activating cysteine-type proteolysis on pleural mesothelium.

Development of a Body of Knowledge for the Clinical Bioinformatician: Perspectives from the Association for Molecular Pathology's Clinical Genomics Bioinformatician Body of Knowledge Steering Committee.

The use of next-generation sequencing and other high-throughput technologies in the clinical molecular diagnostics laboratory requires the application of bioinformatics pipelines and other computational tools to analyze, visualize, and store these clinical data. Clinical bioinformaticians, individuals with the skills to develop, validate, and deploy these tools in a clinical setting, are needed to ensure that these molecular diagnostic technologies can be appropriately used for clinical care. Building on existing expertise in informatics, next-generation sequencing, and clinical molecular diagnostics, the Association for Molecular Pathology has generated a series to establish an initial clinical bioinformatician body of knowledge.

Epidemiology and Outcomes of Antibiotic De-escalation in Patients with Suspected Sepsis in US Hospitals.

Background: Little is known about the frequency, hospital-level variation, predictors, and clinical outcomes of antibiotic de-escalation in suspected sepsis.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed all adults admitted to 236 US hospitals between 2017-2021 with suspected sepsis (defined by a blood culture draw, lactate measurement, and intravenous antibiotic administration) who were initially treated with ≥2 days of anti-MRSA and anti-pseudomonal antibiotics but had no resistant organisms requiring these agents identified through hospital day 4. De-escalation was defined as stopping anti-MRSA and anti-pseudomonal antibiotics or switching to narrower antibiotics by day 4.

Accurate Detection of -Hybrids (Africanized Bees) Using a SNP-Based Diagnostic Assay.

Hybrid populations of Africanized honey bees (-hybrids), notable for their defensive behaviour, have spread rapidly throughout South and North America since their unintentional introduction. Although their migration has slowed, the large-scale trade and movement of honey bee queens and colonies raise concern over the accidental importation of -hybrids to previously unoccupied areas. Therefore, developing an accurate and robust assay to detect -hybrids is an important first step toward mitigating risk.