Advantages of Robotic Total Mesorectal Excision With Partial Prostatectomy Compared With Open Surgery for Rectal Cancer: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.

Aim: Robotic total mesorectal excision (TME) with resection of adjacent organs has been increasingly used for locally advanced rectal cancer; however, few studies have focused on robotic TME with partial prostatectomy. Therefore, this study aimed to demonstrate the advantages of robotic TME with partial prostatectomy compared with open surgery for rectal cancer.

Method: This retrospective cohort study examined consecutive patients with rectal cancer who underwent robotic or open TME with partial prostatectomy at a high-volume center in Japan from April 2003 to March 2022.

Role of anthropogenic forcing in Antarctic sea ice variability simulated in climate models.

Antarctic sea ice extent has seen a slight increase over recent decades, yet since 2016, it has undergone a sharp decline, reaching record lows. While the precise impact of anthropogenic forcing remains uncertain, natural fluctuations have been shown to be important for this variability. Our study employs a series of coupled model experiments, revealing that with constant anthropogenic forcing, the primary driver of interannual sea ice variability lies in deep convection within the Southern Ocean, although it is model dependent.

Development of an Integrating Sphere-Based Wide-Range Light Source System for the Linearity Evaluation of a Photodetector Used in Radiation Detection and Bioanalysis Instruments.

We developed a compact wide-range light source system for evaluating the linearity of photomultiplier tube (PMT) output. This system utilizes two integrating spheres equipped with a continuously variable slit and output aperture to modulate a stabilized light-emitting diode light source, producing an output light range as wide as seven orders of magnitude. To verify the wide linearity range of the integrating sphere system, three silicon photodiodes coupled with electric current readers monitored the light intensity and simultaneously confirmed each other's linearity.

Evaluation of an ionization chamber characteristics for 222Rn calibration.

The National Metrology Institute of Japan plan to use an inner-through-type ionization chamber (IC) as a working standard to calibrate radon monitors. Novel methods to calibrate the IC were described, and the calibration factor, CF [Bq m -3 A-1], of the IC with its expanded uncertainty (k = 2) was evaluated to be (2.0 ± 0.