Molecular Investigation of Dengue Virus Serotypes in the Dengue Outbreak of 2022 in Nepal.

Background Dengue, a viral infection highly prevalent in tropical regions, exhibits local variations in risks that are influenced by a combination of climatic, socioeconomic, and environmental factors. It is caused by four distinct, yet closely related serotypes of the dengue virus. Objective To identify the different serotypes of dengue virus responsible for the 2022 outbreak in Nepal, where dengue has been prevalent since 2006 but with limited availability of molecular information on the serotypes.

Antibiotic prescription patterns in the emergency department of a tertiary healthcare center in Nepal: a descriptive cross-sectional study.

Objective: To describe antibiotic prescription patterns in the emergency department (ED) of a tertiary healthcare center in Nepal.

Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of hospital records of patients who visited the ED.

Results: Of the 758 ED patients included in the study, 384 (50.

Safety and immunogenicity of conjugate vaccine for typhoid (Vi-DT): Finding from an observer-blind, active-controlled, randomized, non-inferiority, phase III clinical trial among healthy volunteers.

Typhoid fever is a significant public health concern with most of the sufferers between 15 and 25 y of age in Nepal. We undertook this study to demonstrate Vi polysaccharide conjugated with diphtheria toxoid (Vi-DT) conjugate vaccine which is non-inferior to Typbar typhoid conjugate vaccine, a Vi polysaccharide vaccine conjugated with tetanus toxoid (Vi-TT) with a focus on the adult population from Dhulikhel Hospital which was one of the total four sites in Nepal. In this study, we assigned the eligible participants in 1:1:1:1 ratio by block randomization, and stratified into three age groups (6 months to less than 2 y, 2 y to less than 18 y, and 18 y to 45 y), allotted to Group A, B, C, and D.

Pyrexia in Pregnancy and its Maternal and Fetal Outcome.

Background Contemporary obstetrics has witnessed improved maternal and fetal outcomes, owing to several advances. Any source of maternal hyperthermia that results in significant core temperature increase (> 38°C), could potentially affect the fetus. Fetus being an integral part of the feto-maternal unit and pregnancy involving numerous physiological changes and adaptations, pyrexia during the pregnancy affects both the mother and her fetus adversely.

Genomic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Circulating during Second and Third Wave of COVID-19 in Nepal.

Background: In Nepal, since the first detection of COVID-19 case in January 2020, the total cases have rose to almost a million with more than 12,000 deaths. Till now, WHO has classified 5 variants of SARS-Cov2 as variant of concerns at different time points causing many waves in different countries and regions at different time points. Nepal had also faced three distinct waves of COVID-19 caused by different variant of COVID 19.