IN.PACT AV Access Randomized Trial of Drug-Coated Balloons for Dysfunctional Arteriovenous Fistulae: Clinical Outcomes through 36 Months.

Purpose: To present the 36-month outcomes of the prospective randomized IN.PACT AV Access study of participants with obstructive de novo or restenotic native upper extremity arteriovenous dialysis fistula lesions treated with drug-coated balloon (DCBs) or standard percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) following successful high-pressure PTA.

Materials And Methods: Participants at 29 international sites were randomized 1:1 to receive an IN.

How to Approach Below-the-Ankle Arterial Interventions.

Critical limb ischemia, also referred to as chronic limb-threatening ischemia, is a major medical problem leading to limb amputations if not managed properly with a multispecialty team. Establishment of sufficient arterial flow to the foot is an integral part of this care. During the past two to three decades, arterial revascularization has become primarily endovascular with open surgical approaches significantly diminished in comparison.

Drug-Eluting Stents.

Endovascular revascularization strategies have advanced tremendously over the years and are now often considered first line for treatment of peripheral arterial disease. Drug-eluting stents (DESs) have been developed as one of the tools to overcome the limitations of elastic recoil and neointimal hyperplasia observed with balloon angioplasty and bare metal stents. While these stents have been extremely successful in coronary revascularization, they have not translated as effectively to the peripheral arteries which differ in their unique mechanical environments and differences in vessel and lesion composition.