Participatory research in child psychology & psychiatry: Embracing untidiness to break new ground.

We are pleased to present our Special Issue on Participatory Research. In this editorial, we outline how the disability rights movement has been instrumental to the development of participatory approaches, before giving consideration to some of the debates and criticisms associated with participatory research in practice. We summarise the contributions offered by the studies within this issue and propose four areas of consideration, drawn from the body of included research, to inform future developments.

Skin Structure, Physiology, and Pathology in Topical and Transdermal Drug Delivery.

Several industries are increasingly focused on enhancing the delivery of active ingredients through the skin to optimize therapeutic outcomes. By facilitating the penetration of active ingredients through the skin barrier, these enhancers can significantly improve the efficacy of various formulations, ranging from skincare products to therapeutic agents targeting systemic circulation. As the understanding of skin physiology and the mechanisms of drug absorption deepen, these industries are adopting permeation enhancers more widely, ultimately leading to better patient outcomes and expanded treatment options.

Effect of Biomass Drying Protocols on Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant and Enzymatic Activities of Red Macroalga .

is a red seaweed used globally in various biotechnological processes. To ensure the content and stability of its bioactive compounds postharvest, suitable drying protocols must be adopted to provide high-quality raw materials for industrial use. This study aimed to analyze the influence of freeze-drying and oven-drying on the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant activity (FRAP and DPPH assays), total carotenoid content (TC), and lipase (LA) and protease activity (PA) of samples collected over the seasons in sea farms in southern Brazil.

Applying Beer's Law in the undergraduate cell biology laboratory: examining the mathematical relationship between optical density, cell concentration, and cell size using budding yeast.

Undergraduate students majoring in the life sciences benefit from experience with data analyses that connect mathematical calculations to the biological systems they are studying. Monitoring the optical density and cell number of liquid cultures allows students to gain quantitative experience generating standard curves and trendlines that capture the relationship between optical density and cell concentration for a given strain. Data comparisons across multiple strains can yield insights into the biophysical properties of cells that drive light absorbance and scattering.