Evaluating the human health risks of heavy metal contamination in copper and steel factory effluents in Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria.

Heavy metal (HM) contamination above permissible limits poses a risk to human health. The study evaluated the health risk (cancer and non-cancer) of exposure to copper (Cu) and steel factory wastes on water samples near the factory based on the hazard quotient (HQ) derived from the HM concentrations. Triplicate water samples were collected by purposive sampling and their concentrations of selected HMs [Pb, Zn, Cu, Mn, Mg, Fe, Cd] were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry.

Comparative assessment of onion and garlic extracts on endogenous hepatic and renal antioxidant status in rat.

Background: Despite growing claims of functional health benefits in folkloric medicine, the safety of chronic/elevated intakes of onion and garlic cannot be assumed. Therefore, this study assesses oral administration of varied doses of onion and garlic on some biomarkers of hepatic and renal functions in rats.

Methods: Animals were divided into five groups: control group received vehicle and extract-treated groups received varied doses of onion or garlic extract (0.

Onion and garlic extracts as potential antidotes for cadmium-induced biochemical alterations in prostate glands of rats.

Cadmium (Cd) has been implicated in increased prostate gland malignancy risk in both wildlife and humans. This study examines the chemoprotective roles of onion and garlic extracts on Cd-induced biochemical alterations in the prostate glands of rats. Adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into nine groups: control group received double distilled water; Cd group received Cd alone (1.

Hepatoprotective potentials of onion and garlic extracts on cadmium-induced oxidative damage in rats.

The hepatoprotective effect of onion and garlic extracts on cadmium (Cd)-induced oxidative damage in rats is reported. Control group received double-distilled water alone. Cd group was challenged with 3CdSO(4).

Protective roles of onion and garlic extracts on cadmium-induced changes in sperm characteristics and testicular oxidative damage in rats.

Cadmium (Cd) is known to exert gonadotoxic and spermiotoxic effects. The present study was performed to assess the possible protective roles of onion (Allium cepa Linn) and garlic (Allium sativum Linn) extracts on Cd-induced testicular damage and spermiotoxicity. The control group received double distilled water; Cd group received Cd (1.