Efficacy of lasers and light sources in long-term hair reduction: a systematic review.

Laser and light-based devices provide scope for long-term "hair-removal" however, there is limited evidence supporting their long-term efficacy. This study aimed to assess the long-term efficacy of laser and light-based "hair-removal" devices, taking into account variations in body site-specific variations in hair growthcycles. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with follow-up periods greater than or equal to the length of one complete hair growth cycle in the body site targeted was conducted.

TGFβ2 Induces the Soluble Isoform of CTLA-4 - Implications for CTLA-4 Based Checkpoint Inhibitor Antibodies in Malignant Melanoma.

Malignant melanoma is an aggressive form of cancer, which can be treated with anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor antibodies but while anti-CTLA-4 antibodies have clear benefits for some patients with melanoma, productive responses are difficult to predict and often associated with serious immune related adverse events. Antibodies specific to CTLA-4 bind two major isoforms of CTLA-4 in humans, the receptor isoform and a second naturally secretable, soluble isoform - sCTLA-4. The primary aim here was to examine the effect of selectively blocking the function of sCTLA-4 on immune responses from volunteer healthy or melanoma patient PBMC samples.

Decoding infraorbital dark circles with lasers and fillers.

Background: The degree and severity of dark circles varies according to the skin type, age, and lifestyle.

Objectives: To evaluate different non-surgical treatment options for dark circles.

Methods: In a private practice setting in the UK and India, 34 patients with dark circles with different Fitzpatrick skin types were treated with fillers (Group 1), lasers (Group 2), and fillers and lasers combined (Group 3).

A unique telomere DNA expansion phenotype in human retinal rod photoreceptors associated with aging and disease.

We have identified a discrete, focal telomere DNA expansion phenotype in the photoreceptor cell layer of normal, non-neoplastic human retinas. This phenotype is similar to that observed in a subset of human cancers, including a large fraction of tumors of the central nervous system, which maintain their telomeres via the non-telomerase-mediated alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) mechanism. We observed that these large, ultra-bright telomere DNA foci are restricted to the rod photoreceptors and are not observed in other cell types.

A review of the quality of life following pulsed dye laser treatment for erythemotelangiectatic rosacea.

Rosacea is a chronic condition, affecting up to 10% of the population. It has a negative impact on patients' quality of life (QOL), leading to loss of self-confidence, emotional distress and withdrawal from normal societal interactions. Erythemotelangiectatic (ET) rosacea is a frequent reason for consultation and difficult to treat, as vascular signs such as flushing, erythema and telangiectasia often persist despite medical therapy.