Enteric Pathogens in Humans, Domesticated Animals, and Drinking Water in a Low-Income Urban Area of Nairobi, Kenya.

To explore the sources of and associated risks with drinking water contamination in low-income, densely populated urban areas, we collected human feces, domesticated animal feces, and source and stored drinking water samples in Nairobi, Kenya in 2019; and analyzed them using microbial source tracking (MST) and enteric pathogen TaqMan Array Cards (TACs). We established host-pathogen relationships in this setting, including detecting and Norovirus─which are typically associated with humans─in dog feces. We evaluated stored and source drinking water quality using indicator (), MST markers, and TACs, detecting pathogen targets in drinking water that were also detected in specific animal feces.

Neoliberalism, Climate Change, and Displaced and Homeless Populations: Exploring Interactions Through Case Studies.

There is a growing attention to neoliberal policies and practices as they relate to climate change and housing within academic literature. However, the combined effects of neoliberal political and economic decisions on the interaction between climate change and displaced and homeless populations have not been substantially explored. In this paper, we identify and focus on three key re-emerging themes prevalent within neoliberal discourses: economic considerations, individualization, and short-termism.

Context-Seq: CRISPR-Cas9 Targeted Nanopore Sequencing for Transmission Dynamics of Antimicrobial Resistance.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) aligns with a One Health framework in that resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) can be transmitted between humans, animals, and the environment. However, there is a critical need to more precisely understand how and to what extent AMR is exchanged between animals and humans. Metagenomic sequencing has low detection for rare targets such as ARGs, while whole genome sequencing of isolates is burdensome and misses exchange between uncultured bacterial species.

Value for money of medicine sampling and quality testing: evidence from Indonesia.

Background: Substandard and falsified medicines (SFMs) are a public health concern of global importance. Postmarket surveillance in the form of medicine sampling and quality testing can prevent and detect SFM, however, there is remarkably scarce evidence about the cost and value for money of these activities: how much do they cost and how effective are they in detecting SFM?

Methods: Between February and October 2022, Systematic Tracking of At Risk Medicines (STARmeds) collected and analysed for quality 1274 samples of 5 medicines from physical and online retail outlets in 7 Indonesian districts. We collated data on the resources consumed by STARmeds, related to all stages of medicines sampling and quality testing including design, fieldwork and laboratory analysis.

Evaluation of a modified quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay for genus Schistosoma detection using stool and urine samples from schistosomiasis endemic areas in Kenya.

Introduction: The microscopy-based Kato-Katz and urine filtration techniques have traditionally faced challenges in the detection of schistosomiasis in areas with low infection levels. A modified singleplex Schistosoma genus-specific quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay was therefore evaluated as a sensitive and confirmatory schistosomiasis diagnostic test.

Methodology: The qPCR assay utilized primers and probe targeting internal transcribed spacer- 2 (ITS2) sequence of S.