Real-World Treatment Patterns and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma by Eligibility for Maintenance Avelumab.

Introduction: 1L PBC has historically been recommended for patients with la/mUC. Maintenance avelumab is recommended for patients without disease progression following 1L PBC. Real-world data on the proportion of patients eligible for maintenance avelumab are limited, and outcomes among patients ineligible for maintenance avelumab are uncertain.

The role of online hemodiafiltration with endogenous reinfusion in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus activity resistant to conventional therapy.

Introduction: Lupus is a diverse autoimmune disease with autoantibody formation. Lupus nephritis carries a grave prognosis. Complement involvement, namely, C1q deficiency, is linked to activity and renal involvement and could help in their assessment.

Detection of Salmonella Typhi bacteriophages in surface waters as a scalable approach to environmental surveillance.

Background: Environmental surveillance, using detection of Salmonella Typhi DNA, has emerged as a potentially useful tool to identify typhoid-endemic settings; however, it is relatively costly and requires molecular diagnostic capacity. We sought to determine whether S. Typhi bacteriophages are abundant in water sources in a typhoid-endemic setting, using low-cost assays.

Environmental sampling for typhoidal Salmonellas in household and surface waters in Nepal identifies potential transmission pathways.

Introduction: Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi, fecal-oral transmitted bacterium, have temporally and geographically heterogeneous pathways of transmission. Previous work in Kathmandu, Nepal implicated stone waterspouts as a dominant transmission pathway after 77% of samples tested positive for Salmonella Typhi and 70% for Salmonella Paratyphi. Due to a falling water table, these spouts no longer provide drinking water, but typhoid fever persists, and the question of the disease's dominant pathway of transmission remains unanswered.

In-vitro and in-vivo evaluation for the bio-natural Alginate/nano-Hydroxyapatite (Alg/n-HA) injectable hydrogel for critical size bone substitution.

Currently, bio-natural injectable hydrogels are receiving a lot of attention due to their ability to control, adjust, and adapt to random bone defects, in addition, to their ability to mimic the composition of natural bones. From such a viewpoint, this study goal is to prepare and characterize the injectable hydrogels paste based on the natural alginate (Alg) derived from brown sea algae as a polysaccharide polymer, which coupled with nano biogenic-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) prepared from eggshells and enriched with valuable trace elements. The viscosity and mechanical properties of the paste were investigated.