The consequence of passive administration of an anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 neutralizing monoclonal antibody before challenge of chimpanzees with a primary virus isolate.

The anti-gp41 virus neutralizing monoclonal antibody 2F5 was infused into chimpanzees, which were then given an intravenous challenge with a primary human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) isolate. In two control animals, the infection was established immediately, as evidenced by positive cell-associated DNA PCR and serum RNA PCR tests within 1 week, seroconversion by 4 weeks, and development of lymphadenopathy in this acute phase. Serum RNA PCR tests were negative in one of the two antibody-infused animals until week 8 and in the other antibody-infused animal until week 12; both animals seroconverted at week 14.

Correlates of protective immunity against HIV-1 infection in immunized chimpanzees.

Several experimental vaccination strategies have been developed to prevent primary infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and as immunotherapeutics for infected individuals. Many of the putative vaccines have been tested in chimpanzees (p. troglodytes) to determine their safety, efficacy, and to delineate immune correlates of protection.