Bounding the Softwired Parsimony Score of a Phylogenetic Network.

In comparison to phylogenetic trees, phylogenetic networks are more suitable to represent complex evolutionary histories of species whose past includes reticulation such as hybridisation or lateral gene transfer. However, the reconstruction of phylogenetic networks remains challenging and computationally expensive due to their intricate structural properties. For example, the small parsimony problem that is solvable in polynomial time for phylogenetic trees, becomes NP-hard on phylogenetic networks under softwired and parental parsimony, even for a single binary character and structurally constrained networks.

Exploring spaces of semi-directed level-1 networks.

Semi-directed phylogenetic networks have recently emerged as a class of phylogenetic networks sitting between rooted (directed) and unrooted (undirected) phylogenetic networks as they contain both directed as well as undirected edges. While various spaces of rooted phylogenetic networks and unrooted phylogenetic networks have been analyzed in recent years and several rearrangement moves to traverse these spaces have been introduced, little is known about spaces of semi-directed phylogenetic networks. Here, we propose a simple rearrangement move for semi-directed phylogenetic networks, called cut edge transfer (CET), and show that the space of semi-directed level-1 networks with precisely k reticulations is connected under CET.

Barriers and Facilitators to Breast Cancer Screening for Women With Severe Mental Illness.

Background: Women with severe mental illness (SMI) are diagnosed with breast cancer at later stages, with greater mortality rates than the general population. Although breast cancer screening is an acknowledged strategy for early breast cancer detection, women with SMI are 32% to 50% less likely to have regular mammography screenings, yet the specific factors related to the disparity in this population have not been determined.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to identify the barriers and facilitators toward breast cancer screening in women diagnosed with SMI.

The Lived Experiences of New Nurses During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Their Contributions to Nursing Education and Professional Development.

Background The COVID-19 pandemic had a major impact on new nurses' transition to the staff nurse role in hospital settings. New staff nurses were not prepared to care for COVID-19 patients based on their previous nursing education. Method A qualitative descriptive design with purposive sampling was used for this study.

Using digital storytelling to understand service users' mental health recovery and address stigma among nursing students.

Purpose: Stigmatized attitudes towards people with mental illness from healthcare providers continues to be a problem affecting recovery in people with mental illness. The process of recovery was explored through digital stories created by service users, with support from nursing students. Stigmatized attitudes in nursing students and stigma resistance in service users were also investigated.