Do Child-Turcotte-Pugh and nutritional assessments predict survival in cirrhosis: A longitudinal study.

Background: Cirrhotic patients face heightened energy demands, leading to rapid glycogen depletion, protein degradation, oxidative stress, and inflammation, which drive disease progression and complications. These disruptions cause cellular damage and parenchymal changes, resulting in vascular alterations, portal hypertension, and liver dysfunction, significantly affecting patient prognosis.

Aim: To analyze the association between Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) scores and different nutritional indicators with survival in a 15-year follow-up cohort.

Modulation of microtubule dynamics by monovalent ions.

The microtubule cytoskeleton is a dynamic network essential for many cellular processes, influenced by physicochemical factor, such as temperature, pH, dimer concentration, and ionic environment. In this study, we used in vitro reconstitution assays to examine the effects of four monovalent ions (Na, K, Cl, and Ac) on microtubule dynamics, uncovering distinct effects for each ion. Na was found to increase microtubule dynamicity by raising catastrophe frequency, polymerization and depolymerization speeds, and ultimately reducing microtubule lifetime by 80%.

Effects of CO and liquid digestate concentrations on the growth performance and biomass composition of and microalgal strains.

This study evaluated the growth performance of and microalgae cultivated in diluted liquid digestate supplemented with CO, comparing their efficiency to that of a conventional synthetic media. The presence of an initial concentration of ammonium of 125 mg N-NH .L combined with the continuous injection of 1% v/v CO enhanced the optimal growth responses and bioremediation potential for both strains in 200-mL cultures.

Exploring chitin metabolite profiles and sensitivity differences in Collembola species exposed to teflubenzuron.

Effective environmental risk assessments of chemical plant protection products, such as benzoylurea pesticides, are crucial for safeguarding ecosystems. These pesticides, including teflubenzuron, target chitin synthesis in arthropods but also pose risks to non-target soil fauna like Collembola, which play essential roles in decomposition and nutrient cycling. This study combines traditional toxicity tests with a metabolomic approach to examine the interspecies specific sensitivity of three Collembola species - Sinella curviseta, Ceratophysella denticulata, and Folsomia candida - to teflubenzuron.

How close is autophagy-targeting therapy for Alzheimer's disease to clinical use? A summary of autophagy modulators in clinical studies.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder clinically characterized by progressive decline of memory and cognitive functions, and it is the leading cause of dementia accounting for 60%-80% of dementia patients. A pathological hallmark of AD is the accumulation of aberrant protein/peptide aggregates such as extracellular amyloid plaques containing amyloid-beta peptides and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated tau. These aggregates result from the failure of the proteostasis network, which encompasses protein synthesis, folding, and degradation processes.