Receiver design for the REACH global 21-cm signal experiment.

We detail the REACH radiometric system designed to enable measurements of the 21-cm neutral hydrogen line. Included is the radiometer architecture and end-to-end system simulations as well as a discussion of the challenges intrinsic to highly-calibratable system development. Following this, we share laboratory results based on the calculation of noise wave parameters utilising an over-constrained least squares approach.

ZW sex chromosome structure in Amborella trichopoda.

Sex chromosomes have evolved hundreds of times across the flowering plant tree of life; their recent origins in some members of this clade can shed light on the early consequences of suppressed recombination, a crucial step in sex chromosome evolution. Amborella trichopoda, the sole species of a lineage that is sister to all other extant flowering plants, is dioecious with a young ZW sex determination system. Here we present a haplotype-resolved genome assembly, including highly contiguous assemblies of the Z and W chromosomes.

Engineered Immune Constructs Alter Antigen-Specific Immune Tolerance and Confer Durable Protection in Myelin-Driven Autoimmunity.

Autoimmune diseases are broadly characterized as a failure in immune tolerance. In multiple sclerosis (MS), autoreactive immune cells attack the protective myelin sheath lining neurons in the central nervous system. Therapeutic strategies that selectively and durably restore immune tolerance without broad immunosuppression are urgently needed for MS.

CO Oxidation Catalyzed by Perovskites: The Role of Crystallographic Distortions Highlighted by Systematic Experiments and Artificial Intelligence.

The identification of key materials' parameters correlated with the performance can accelerate the development of heterogeneous catalysts and unveil the relevant underlying physical processes. However, the analysis of correlations is often hindered by inconsistent data. Besides, nontrivial, yet unknown relationships may be important, and the intricacy of the various processes may be significant.

Opportunistic Identification of Coronary Artery Calcium and Valve/Vascular Calcifications on Chest X-Ray: Improvements With Single-Exposure Dual-Energy Imaging.

To evaluate whether single-exposure, dual-energy chest X-ray (DEX) improves visualization of coronary artery calcium (CAC) and valve/vascular calcifications compared to conventional X-ray. Sixty-one bone-marrow transplant patients (22- 79 years; median 61; IQR 15; w/m, 24/37), underwent single-exposure dual-energy X-ray (Reveal 35C, KA imaging) in pa and lateral projection, followed by a standard-of-care chest CT. Two DEX pairs (pa/lateral) were calculated: a composite image (COMP) and a bone image with soft-tissue subtraction (BI).