Publications by authors named "S Louise Cosby"
Article Synopsis
- Cesarean delivery is the most common method for extremely preterm infants, but there's limited research comparing outcomes between cesarean and vaginal births for these babies.
- A study involving data from 25 US medical centers focused on extremely preterm singletons (401-1000 g birth weight) to assess rates of death or severe neurodevelopmental impairment based on the mode of delivery.
- The results showed no significant difference in outcomes between cesarean and vaginal deliveries, but cesarean and vertex vaginal deliveries had lower mortality rates compared to breech vaginal deliveries.
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic lockdown significantly disrupted daily routines and impacted physical activity, diet, mental well-being, and sleep. This mixed-methods study investigates these changes over three periods-pre-pandemic, pandemic onset, and one-year post-onset-to understand their causes and inform public health policy for improved resilience during future crises.
Methods: A mixed-methods study was conducted with 34 US participants who completed open-ended qualitative questions and quantitative assessments in May 2020 and May 2021.
Article Synopsis
- Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) causes serious respiratory disease in cattle, yet there's limited understanding of how it affects gene expression during infection.
- This study analyzed the blood transcriptome of dairy calves infected with BoHV-1, identifying 488 genes that were significantly different in expression between infected and control groups, pointing towards key immune pathways involved.
- The findings suggest potential new targets for treating BoHV-1, and revealed both similarities and differences when comparing the immune responses to another pathogen, BRSV, in bovine respiratory disease.
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD), which is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cattle, is caused by numerous known and unknown viruses and is responsible for the widespread use of broad-spectrum antibiotics despite the use of polymicrobial BRD vaccines. Viral metagenomics sequencing on the portable, inexpensive Oxford Nanopore Technologies MinION sequencer and sequence analysis with its associated user-friendly point-and-click Epi2ME cloud-based pathogen identification software has the potential for point-of-care/same-day/sample-to-result metagenomic sequence diagnostics of known and unknown BRD pathogens to inform a rapid response and vaccine design. We assessed this potential using in vitro viral cell cultures and nasal swabs taken from calves that were experimentally challenged with a single known BRD-associated DNA virus, namely, bovine herpes virus 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThere is strong evidence that SARS-CoV-2 is spread predominantly by airborne transmission, with high viral loads released into the air as respiratory droplets and aerosols from the infected subject. The spread and persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in diverse indoor environments reinforces the urgent need to supplement distancing and PPE based approaches with effective engineering measures for microbial decontamination - thereby addressing the significant risk posed by aerosols. We hypothesized that a portable, single-pass UVC air treatment device (air flow 1254 L/min) could effectively inactivate bioaerosols containing bacterial and viral indicator organisms, and coronavirus without reliance on filtration technology, at reasonable scale.
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