Psychological Stress and Vocal Symptoms Among University Professors in Israel: Implications of the Shift to Online Synchronous Teaching During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objectives: Psychological stress may have an adverse impact on the voice. The purpose of the present cross-sectional study was to investigate the relationship between the change in levels of perceived psychological stress and vocal symptoms among Israeli academic college professors required to shift to synchronous online teaching during the global COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: An online questionnaire was completed by 313 professors (156 men and 157 women) from 14 academic colleges in Israel at the end of the first week of online synchronous teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic, which was assumed to be the most burdened and stressful week of the transition.

[Blast injury of the ear].

147 soldiers, in whom 210 ears were blast-injured, were studied retrospectively during 1967-1986. The nature of eardrum perforations, hearing impairment, complications, changes over the course of time and different modes of treatment were reviewed. In 92.