Publications by authors named "S Litwak"
Article Synopsis
- A phase 2 trial investigated the effects of baricitinib, a JAK inhibitor, on β-cell function in patients with early-stage type 1 diabetes, comparing it to a placebo over 48 weeks.
- Results showed that the baricitinib group had a significantly higher mean C-peptide level, indicating better β-cell function, and required a lower daily insulin dose compared to the placebo group.
- While baricitinib improved certain measures of insulin production and glycemic control, the overall levels of glycated hemoglobin were similar between both groups, with no notable differences in adverse events reported.
Article Synopsis
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors can effectively treat cancer but are linked to immune-related side effects, including type 1 diabetes (T1D), prompting researchers to explore preventive treatments like JAK1/JAK2 inhibitors.* -
- In experiments with nonobese diabetic mice, JAK1/JAK2 inhibitors successfully prevented and even reversed diabetes caused by PD-L1 blockade, inhibiting harmful immune cell activity in the pancreas.* -
- The study demonstrates that JAK1/JAK2 inhibitors might be a viable option for managing diabetes resulting from cancer therapy, without compromising the anti-tumor effectiveness in other models.*
Type 1 diabetes develops in childhood and adolescence, with peak incidence in the early teenage years. There is an urgent need for an accurate method to detect insulin-producing β-cells in patients that is not affected by alterations in β-cell function. As part of our research program to design specific probes to measure β-cell mass, we recently developed a novel insulin-binding peptide probe (IBPP) for the detection of β-cells in vivo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMost obese and insulin-resistant individuals do not develop diabetes. This is the result of the capacity of β-cells to adapt and produce enough insulin to cover the needs of the organism. The underlying mechanism of β-cell adaptation in obesity, however, remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Cytokines like IFN-γ and common γ chain cytokines play a harmful role in type 1 diabetes by promoting the destruction of insulin-producing β cells via CD8 T cells.
- Research found that JAK1/JAK2 inhibitors can reverse autoimmune responses and reduce harmful signals in β cells related to these cytokines in non-obese diabetic mice.
- The JAK1-selective inhibitor ABT 317 significantly reduced T cell proliferation and improved diabetes symptoms in treated mice, showing promise for future type 1 diabetes treatments.