Effect of a standard exercise protocol on shoulder pain in long-term wheelchair users.

Purpose: To analyze the effectiveness of a 6-month exercise protocol on shoulder pain experienced by wheelchair users during functional activities.

Subjects: Forty-two wheelchair users, 35 males and seven females: average age of 35 years and an average duration of wheelchair use of 14 years.

Methods: Subjects were randomly assigned to treatment (n=21) and control (n=21) groups.