BACKGROUND Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a well-recognized complication in patients with cirrhosis and frequently requires a nuanced approach to treatment. There is a paucity of existing literature and evidence-based recommendations regarding the optimal treatment approach to chronically occluded portal veins. Management options range from observation to anticoagulation and interventional therapies such as transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (TIPS), thrombolysis, or surgical thrombectomy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) encompass both intellectual disabilities (ID) and developmental disabilities (DD). In 2016, 7.37 million people in the United States and 200 million worldwide were identified with an ID or DD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Intranasal sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) block has been shown to be an effective treatment for headaches. Multiple therapeutic agents have been studied, although the wide availability and low cost of lidocaine and bupivacaine have made them attractive treatment options. To the authors knowledge, no study has yet demonstrated superiority of one anesthetic over the other.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMay-Thurner Syndrome (MTS) is a well-recognized anatomical variant describing compression of the left common iliac vein and may manifest as lower extremity swelling, pain, ulceration, discoloration, and paresthesia. Right-sided MTS is documented in the literature, though exceedingly rare. Specifically, no current reports describe a multifocal stenoses of the right iliac vein due to anatomical variants associated with left sided IVC.
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