Association of clinical features of typhoid fever with socioeconomic status in Pakistan.

Background: Typhoid fever is spread by ingestion of contaminated food or water, which is linked to infrastructure; specifically, sewage and sanitation. In developing countries, infrastructure varies according to socioeconomic status (SES). Balochistan is the least developed province of Pakistan.

Insights on a new path of pre-mitochondrial apoptosis regulation by a glycosaminoglycan mimetic.

Lysosomal cathepsins have recently been reported to play crucial roles in the regulation of the mitochondrial death cascade by an unclear mechanism leading to mitochondrial membrane permeabilization. Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) are a family of ionic polysaccharides present at the lysosomal compartment and shown to inhibit lysosomal cathepsin activities. The implication of this family of polysaccharides in the regulation of the pre-mitochondrial death cascade has still not been considered.

Abdominal wall and stomach perforation following accidental electrocution with high tension wire: a unique case.

The usual form of direct gastrointestinal injury following high-tension electric injury is widespread necrosis of the colon or the small intestine. It usually occurs in combination with extensive electric burns of the overlying abdominal wall. We report a case of immediate post-electrocution abdominal wall and stomach perforation following high tension electric injury.