A novel small molecule Enpp1 inhibitor improves tumor control following radiation therapy by targeting stromal Enpp1 expression.

The uniqueness in each person's cancer cells and variation in immune infiltrates means that each tumor represents a unique problem, but therapeutic targets can be found among their shared features. Radiation therapy alters the interaction between the cancer cells and the stroma through release of innate adjuvants. The extranuclear DNA that can result from radiation damage of cells can result in production of the second messenger cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP) by cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS).

Long-Term Differential Effects of Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy on Bone Mineral Density.

Context: The association of obesity with bone fragility fractures is complex and non-linear. Despite good efficacy on weight loss, bariatric surgery (BS) is also associated with bone loss. However, we lack information on risk factors of the long-term deleterious effects of BS on the skeleton.

Comparison of pregnancy outcomes after bariatric surgery by sleeve gastrectomy versus gastric bypass.

Objective: Bariatric surgery has an impact on subsequent pregnancies, in particular an association between gastric bypass and small for gestational age. Knowledge is lacking on whether sleeve gastrectomy is associated with more favorable pregnancy outcomes. This study aimed to compare the impact of sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on the incidence of small for gestational age (SGA), and of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Endoscopic Follow-Up Between 3 and 7 Years After Sleeve Gastrectomy Reveals Antral Reactive Gastropathy but no Barrett's Esophagus.

Background: The main concerns following sleeve gastrectomy (SG) include the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and its complications, such as Barrett's esophagus (BE). However, there is conflicting data on esophageal conditions, and studies on alterations of gastric mucosa after SG are lacking, despite reported cases of gastric cancer. Our aim was to assess esophageal and gastric lesions after SG.

No Long-Term Mucosal Lesions in the Esophagus but More Gastric Mucosal Lesions after Sleeve Gastrectomy in Obese Rats.

Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) often induces gastroesophageal reflux, with few and discordant long-term data on the risk of Barrett's esophagus (BE) in operated patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of SG on esogastric mucosa in a rat model at 24 weeks postoperatively, which corresponds to approximately 18 years in humans. After 3 months of a high-fat diet, obese male Wistar rats were subjected to SG (n = 7) or sham surgery (n = 9).