Quality of Life and Adaptation of People With a Colostomy Plug: A Before-After Interventional Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine health-related quality of life and adaptation of persons with a colostomy before and after use of a colostomy plug.

Design: Single group before-and-after study.

Subjects And Setting: The study sample comprised 19 people with a colostomy who attended an outpatient clinic João Pessoa, in Paraiba, Brazil.

Fiber- and acetate-mediated modulation of MHC-II expression on intestinal epithelium protects from Clostridioides difficile infection.

Here, we explore the relationship between dietary fibers, colonic epithelium major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) expression, and immune cell interactions in regulating susceptibility to Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). We find that a low-fiber diet increases MHC-II expression in the colonic epithelium, which, in turn, worsens CDI by promoting the development of pathogenic CD4 intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs). The influence of dietary fibers on MHC-II expression is mediated by its metabolic product, acetate, and its receptor, free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2).

Tailored Perioperative Medicine For Frail Patients Undergoing Vascular Surgery: A Narrative Review.

Frailty is a concept that is emerging as an important tool in the preoperative assessment of patients. The incidence of frailty in vascular surgery patients is high and is expected to increase concomitantly with the aging of the population. The identification of these patients and their optimization in the perioperative period can lead to an improvement in their outcomes with a reduction in morbidity and mortality.

Vaccination opportunity in children up to 6 months old born in 2017 and 2018 in the city of Londrina-PR, Brazil: a population-based survey.

Objective: To evaluate opportunity for vaccination in children born alive in Londrina, up to 6 months old and the relationship between socioeconomic stratum and vaccination regularity.

Method: Population survey study based on a retrospective cohort of children born in 2017 and 2018 that identified vaccines not administered in a given session. Vaccination regularity was compared between socioeconomic strata using Pearson's chi-square test.

Vaccination coverage in children up to 2 years old born in 2017 and 2018 in the municipalities of São Paulo and Campinas, Brazil: comparison of the results of a national survey and the National Immunization Program Information System.

Objective: To estimate and compare vaccination coverage among children born in 2017-2018 in São Paulo and Campinas, according to the Vaccination Coverage Survey (ICV 2020) and the National Immunization Program Information System (SI-PNI).

Methods: ICV 2020 analyzed vaccination card records. Coverage was calculated and compared to doses recorded on the SI-PNI, divided by the target population.