The prevalence of rumination syndrome and rumination disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Rumination is characterized by the repeated regurgitation of food. Rumination syndrome is a disorder of gut-brain interaction diagnosed by Rome criteria, whereas rumination disorder is a feeding and eating disorder diagnosed by DSM-5 criteria. We aimed to determine the global prevalence of rumination according to these criteria across all age groups.

An insight into the functional alterations in the gut microbiome of healthy adults in response to a multi-strain probiotic intake: a single arm open label trial.

Background: Probiotic supplements, by definition, provide a benefit to the host, but few studies have investigated the effect of probiotic supplements in healthy adult populations.

Purpose: The present, single arm, open label clinical trial, evaluated compositional and functional changes in the fecal microbiome of healthy adults after supplementation with a 14-strain probiotic.

Methods: We analysed the effect of a 14-strain probiotic blend ( NCIMB 30223, NCIMB 30179, NCIMB 30180, NCIMB 30181, NCIMB 30182, NCIMB 30184, subsp.

Performance and Interpretation of Hydrogen and Methane Breath Testing Impact of North American Consensus Guidelines.

Background: Hydrogen and methane breath tests (HMBT) are widely used clinical investigations but lack standardization. To address this, the North American Consensus (NAC) group published evidence-based recommendations for HMBT.

Aims: To evaluate results obtained using NAC recommendations for HMBT, compared to retrospective data that utilized guidelines previously recommended.

A double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trial investigating the effects of lesogaberan on the objective cough frequency and capsaicin-evoked coughs in patients with refractory chronic cough.

Objective: Baclofen is a centrally acting γ-aminobutyric acid type B (GABA) receptor agonist which reduces gastro-oesophageal reflux and suppresses the cough reflex; however, central nervous system side-effects limit its use. Lesogaberan is a novel peripherally acting GABA agonist, but its effects on refractory chronic cough are unknown.

Design: We performed a single-centre, placebo-controlled, double-blind randomised crossover study in patients with chronic cough, refractory to the treatment of underlying conditions.

A Pilot Study to Assess Patient Adherence to New Chronic Medications Following the Use of a Novel Adherence Tool and Individualized Counseling.

Medication nonadherence leads to an increase in morbidity and mortality. In the United States, it results in an annual estimated cost of $290 billion in patients with chronic diseases. Several adherence screening tools are available for use, but none have been adopted for widespread use.