Evaluation of force pain thresholds to ensure collision safety in worker-robot collaborative operations.

With the growing demand for robots in the industrial field, robot-related technologies with various functions have been introduced. One notable development is the implementation of robots that operate in collaboration with human workers to share tasks, without the need of any physical barriers such as safety fences. The realization of such collaborative operations in practice necessitates the assurance of safety if humans and robots collide.

Sign Reversal of Spin-Transfer Torques.

Spin-transfer torque (STT) and spin-orbit torque (SOT) form the core of spintronics, allowing for the control of magnetization through electric currents. While the sign of SOT can be manipulated through material and structural engineering, it is conventionally understood that STT lacks a degree of freedom in its sign. However, this study presents the first demonstration of manipulating the STT sign by engineering heavy metals adjacent to magnetic materials in magnetic heterostructures.

P-incorporated CuO/CuS heteronanorods as efficient electrocatalysts for the glucose oxidation reaction toward highly sensitive and selective glucose sensing.

Currently, tremendous efforts have been made to explore efficient glucose oxidation electrocatalysts for enzymeless glucose sensors to meet the urgent demands for accurate and fast detection of glucose in the fields of health care and environmental monitoring. In this work, an advanced nanostructured material based on the well-aligned CuO/CuS heteronanorods incorporated with P atoms is successfully synthesized on a copper substrate. The as-synthesized material shows high catalytic behavior accompanied by outstanding electrical conductivity.

Bulk Rashba-Type Spin Splitting in Non-Centrosymmetric Artificial Superlattices.

Spin current, converted from charge current via spin Hall or Rashba effects, can transfer its angular momentum to local moments in a ferromagnetic layer. In this regard, the high charge-to-spin conversion efficiency is required for magnetization manipulation for developing future memory or logic devices including magnetic random-access memory. Here, the bulk Rashba-type charge-to-spin conversion is demonstrated in an artificial superlattice without centrosymmetry.