[Pathology of the vagus nerve system as a morphological marker of sympathetic imbalance in the case of sudden cardiac death].

The present study was designed to examine the vagus nerve system, atrioventricular ganglion, and changes in cardiomyocytes in 45 cases of the fatal outcome of the disease among 20 patients who suffered a craniovertebral injury and 25 ones presenting with acute coronary insufficiency. Special attention was given to the central and peripheral parts of the vagus nerve system. The study revealed lesions in the jugular ganglia and their association with the previous craniovertebral injuries accompanied by hemorrhage in these ganglia, nerve trunks, and soft tissues of the jugular foramina.

Characterization of African swine fever virus Caucasus isolate in European wild boars.

Since 2007, African swine fever has spread from the Caucasus region. To learn more about the dynamics of the disease in wild boars (Sus scrofa), we conducted experiments by using European wild boars. We found high virulence of Caucasus isolates limited potential for establishment of endemicity.

[Anatomic approach to the sphenooccipital synchondrosis in newborns and infants with craniocerebral injury].

An anatomic approach is developed to sphenooccipital synchondrosis in newborn infants and nurslings. After removal of the squamous portion of the occipital bone by the method of Medvedev, opening of the cerebrospinal canal, removal of the spinal cord and hypophysis, two parallel cuts converging at an angle of approximately 90 degrees were made with a dissecting blade saw along both sides of sella turcica towards the anterior edge of the great occipital foramen to transect the sphenoid bone and main part of the occipital bone. The resulting osteochondrous fragment showed up defects in synchondrosis including consolidated ones.

[Postnatal differential diagnosis of combined birth injury in newborn infants].

Constructional defects of skull base synchondroses related to a fatal birth injury result only from bottom-upwards pressure of the vertebral column and always combine with a crack or displaced fracture of the sapheno-occipital suture. A postnatal injury having the form of occipital synchondrosis fracture occurs in case of a local impact on the cervico-occipital region and is not associated with a shear strain of lateral synchondrosis and any damage to the sapheno-occipital suture. The spinal birth injury is due to the axial load on the vertebrae in combination with excessive bending and rotation.

[Adaptation of anatomic approaches to the jugular ganglia of the vagus nerve system in the neonates and babies].

Anatomic approaches to the jugular ganglia, which are used at autopsy of adults with craniospinal injury, have been adapted to those at autopsy of infants. In the neonates and babies less than 3 months of age, layer-by-layer separation of soft tissues of the neck is applied and the mandibular angle is removed along with the articular process. The upper cervical portion of the vague nerve is excised together with soft tissues and ganglia of jugular foramens.