Moebius syndrome and hypopituitarism: a case of multiple pituitary hormone deficiency and revision of the literature.

Objectives: Moebius syndrome (MS) is a rare congenital non-progressive rhombencephalic disorder mostly characterised by abducens and facial nerve palsy, but with a multifaceted clinical presentation. Isolated or multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies in the setting of MS have been occasionally reported, but the simultaneous involvement of three or more hypothalamic-pituitary axes has never been described. We hereby report the case of a girl with MS that showed a co-occurrence of GH-, TSH- and ACTH-deficiency.

Ultrasonographic characteristics of masseter muscle myalgia: a comparative study.

Objective: To compare the ultrasonographic characteristics of masseter muscles in temporomandibular disorder (TMD) subjects with a diagnosis of myalgia of the masticatory muscles to a control population.

Method: In total, 45 TMD subjects with masseter muscle myalgia according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders were compared with 45 control subjects. The masseter muscles of each subject were examined by ultrasonography (US) to assess the quantitative characteristic of local cross-sectional dimension (LCSD) and the qualitative parameters of intramuscular ultrasonographic appearance, anechoic areas, and isoechogenic areas.

Isolation of Inner-Sphere Aquo Complexes of Samarium(II).

The and isomers of [Sm(dicyclohexano-18-crown-6)(HO)]I exhibiting water molecules bound to the Sm ion have been isolated and characterized. Sm possesses an electrochemical potential sufficient for water reduction, and thus these complexes add to the recent body of evidence that the oxidation of Sm by water can operate by a mechanism that is not straightforward. These complexes are obtained by the direct addition of stoichiometric amounts of water to solutions of the respective Sm(dicyclohexano-18-crown-6)I isomers under an inert atmosphere.

Root-Knot Nematode Early Infection Suppresses Immune Response and Elicits the Antioxidant System in Tomato.

The immune response in plants is regulated by several phytohormones and involves the overexpression of defense genes, including the pathogenesis-related () genes. The data reported in this paper indicate that nematodes can suppress the immune response by inhibiting the expression of defense genes. Transcripts from nine defense genes were detected by qRT-PCR in the roots of tomato plants at three and seven days post-inoculation (dpi) with living juveniles (J2s) of (root-knot nematodes, RKNs).

Highly Specific Polyphenolic Colloids as Alternatives to Antimicrobials in Livestock Production.

The dispersion of antibiotics in livestock farming represents a health concern worldwide, contributing to the spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria through animals, the environment, and humans. Phenolic compounds could be alternatives to antibiotics, once drawbacks such as their low water solubility, bioavailability, and reduced stability are overcome. Although nano- or micro-sized formulations could counter these shortcomings, they do not represent cost-effective options.