NOISe: Nuclei-Aware Osteoclast Instance Segmentation for Mouse-to-Human Domain Transfer.

Osteoclast cell image analysis plays a key role in osteoporosis research, but it typically involves extensive manual image processing and hand annotations by a trained expert. In the last few years, a handful of machine learning approaches for osteoclast image analysis have been developed, but none have addressed the full instance segmentation task required to produce the same output as that of the human expert led process. Furthermore, none of the prior, fully automated algorithms have publicly available code, pretrained models, or annotated datasets, inhibiting reproduction and extension of their work.

Household income and county income inequality are associated with financial hardship among cancer survivors in New Jersey.

Purpose: To examine how household income and county income inequality are linked to financial hardship among cancer survivors.

Methods: Cancer survivors (n = 864) identified through the New Jersey State Cancer Registry were surveyed from August 2018 to January 2022. Local area income inequality was reflected by the Gini index a measure of income inequality at the county level.

Manganese Exposure Enhances the Release of Misfolded α-Synuclein via Exosomes by Impairing Endosomal Trafficking and Protein Degradation Mechanisms.

Excessive exposure to manganese (Mn) increases the risk of chronic neurological diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD) and other related Parkinsonisms. Aggregated α-synuclein (αSyn), a hallmark of PD, can spread to neighboring cells by exosomal release from neurons. We previously discovered that Mn enhances its spread, triggering neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative processes.

Barriers and facilitators to skin cancer prevention among Hispanics: a qualitative study.

Background: In the past two decades, melanoma incidence among Hispanic people has risen greatly. This qualitative study explored Hispanic people's perceived barriers and facilitators to skin cancer-related preventive behaviors.

Methods: Five focus groups among Hispanic people (2 in Spanish and 3 in English; n = 34; 11 Spanish-preferring and 23 English-preferring) were conducted, where participants discussed their perceptions and behaviors relating to skin cancer, sun protection, and skin self-examination.