Biomarkers.

Background: Oxidative stress (OS) has been implicated in age-related neurodegeneration and may be important in prodromal states such as vascular mild cognitive impairment (vMCI). Higher peripheral OS is reported in vMCI patients; however, the role of central antioxidant defenses in vMCI and their correlation to cognition is unclear. Glutathione (GSH) is a major brain antioxidant, and the current study assessed brain GSH in possible vMCI vs.

Developing Topics.

Background: Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is often a precursor to Alzheimer's dementia (AD). Recent research underscores the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and amyloid-beta accumulation, raising the prospect of targeting mitochondrial function for intervention. Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM), a non-invasive technique utilizing near-infrared light, has been shown to enhance mitochondrial function.

Developing Topics.

Background: Oxidative stress (OS) has been a target of interest for vascular dementia, given its implications in pathogenesis. OS may be important in prodromal stage, such as vascular mild cognitive impairment (vMCI), and examining OS markers in vMCI may help better understand biological processes in the onset of cognitive impairment. Our study compared OS levels in vMCI vs controls, and explored whether OS markers predicted the response to antioxidant treatments in vMCI.

Urinary Metabolite Profiles of Participants with Overweight and Obesity Prescribed a Weight Loss High Fruit and Vegetable Diet: A Single Arm Intervention Study.

Background/objectives: Thus far, no studies have examined the relationship between fruit and vegetable (F and V) intake, urinary metabolite quantities, and weight change. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to explore changes in urinary metabolomic profiles during and after a 10-week weight loss intervention where participants were prescribed a high F and V diet (7 servings daily).

Methods: Adults with overweight and obesity ( = 34) received medical nutrition therapy counselling to increase their F and V intakes to national targets (7 servings a day).

Evaluating the pathological and clinical implications of errors made by an artificial intelligence colon biopsy screening tool.

Objective: Artificial intelligence (AI) tools for histological diagnosis offer great potential to healthcare, yet failure to understand their clinical context is delaying adoption. IGUANA (Interpretable Gland-Graphs using a Neural Aggregator) is an AI algorithm that can effectively classify colonic biopsies into normal versus abnormal categories, designed to automatically report normal cases. We performed a retrospective pathological and clinical review of the errors made by IGUANA.