Frequently asked questions on surrogate endpoints in oncology-opportunities, pitfalls, and the way forward.

Patients with cancer expect prolonged life (overall survival, OS) or better life (quality of life, QOL) from cancer treatments. However, majority of new cancer drugs are now being approved not based on improved OS or QOL, but based on surrogate endpoints such as tumor shrinkage or delayed tumor progression. These surrogate endpoints, including their validity as a proxy for overall survival, differ based on disease settings and lines of treatment but in general, most surrogate measures have weak correlation with outcomes that matter to patients.

Implementation processes and capacity-building needs in Ontario maternal-newborn care hospital settings: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: Maternal-newborn care does not always align with the best available evidence. Applying implementation science to change initiatives can help move evidence-informed practices into clinical settings. However, it remains unknown to what extent current implementation practices in maternal-newborn care align with recommendations from implementation science, and how confident nurses, other health professionals, and leaders are completing steps in the implementation process.

Infant With Beckwith-Wiedemann Requiring Transplant for Hepatic Mesenchymal Hamartoma.

Background: Liver transplantation for unresectable, benign hepatic lesions is rare. Hepatic mesenchymal hamartomas (HMH) are benign, cystic tumors that arise mostly in pediatric populations and can cause compressive symptoms. HMH is rarely associated with placental mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD) and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS).

Flow synthesis and multidimensional parameter screening enables exploration and optimization of copper oxide nanoparticle synthesis.

Copper-based nanoparticles (NPs) are highly valued for their wide-ranging applications, with particular significance in CO reduction. However current synthesis methods encounter challenges in scalability, batch-to-batch variation, and high energy costs. In this work, we describe a novel continuous flow synthesis approach performed at room temperature to help address these issues, producing spherical, colloidally stable copper(ii) oxide (CuO) NPs.