Scaling up area-based conservation to implement the Global Biodiversity Framework's 30x30 target: The role of Nature's Strongholds.

The Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF), signed in 2022 by Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity, recognized the importance of area-based conservation, and its goals and targets specify the characteristics of protected and conserved areas (PCAs) that disproportionately contribute to biodiversity conservation. To achieve the GBF's target of conserving a global area of 30% by 2030, this Essay argues for recognizing these characteristics and scaling them up through the conservation of areas that are: extensive (typically larger than 5,000 km2); have interconnected PCAs (either physically or as part of a jurisdictional network, and frequently embedded in larger conservation landscapes); have high ecological integrity; and are effectively managed and equitably governed. These areas are presented as "Nature's Strongholds," illustrated by examples from the Congo and Amazon basins.

Relationship Between Patellar Morphology and Known Anatomic Risk Factors for Patellofemoral Instability.

Background: Patellar instability (PI) is a common problem among pediatric, adolescent, and young adult patients. Recent literature has shown a correlation between pathoanatomy and PI.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to determine if there is any difference in patellar shape in patients with and without PI and if there is any association between the shape of the patella and the shape of the trochlea.

Retroarticular Core Decompression with Biologic Augmentation for Juvenile Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Knee.

Juvenile osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the knee is a rare condition of subchondral bone that has secondary effects on articular cartilage as the condition advances. Traditional treatment for early-stage OCD involves different types of drilling procedures that work to stimulate healthy bone formation via creeping substitution. This article describes a technique that involves a complete removal, or decompression of an early-stage OCD, while preserving the overlying articular cartilage that is augmented with bone grafting and bone marrow aspirate concentrate.

Preoperative Patient Education May Decrease Postoperative Opioid Use After Meniscectomy.

Purpose: To identify the current opioid prescribing and use practices after arthroscopic meniscectomy and to evaluate the role of preoperative patient education in decreasing postoperative opioid consumption.

Methods: Patients undergoing arthroscopic meniscectomy were prospectively identified for inclusion. They were placed into 1 of 2 groups: Group 1 received no education regarding opioid use after surgery, whereas group 2 received a standardized overview on postoperative opioid use.