A new application of nano-selenium: rescue of CK2 and mitochondria from oxidative stress to prevent cardiac hypertrophy.

Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction are pivotal in initiating cardiac hypertrophy. To explore nano-selenium's (SeNP's) preventive potential against this condition, the authors evaluated chemically synthesized chitosan-SeNPs and biosynthesized YC-3-SeNPs in an angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiac hypertrophy model. This investigation encompassed ROS measurement, mitochondrial membrane potential analysis, transmission electron microscopy, gene and protein expression analyses, protein carbonylation assays, serum antioxidant quantification and histological staining.

A chloroplast protein atlas reveals punctate structures and spatial organization of biosynthetic pathways.

Chloroplasts are eukaryotic photosynthetic organelles that drive the global carbon cycle. Despite their importance, our understanding of their protein composition, function, and spatial organization remains limited. Here, we determined the localizations of 1,034 candidate chloroplast proteins using fluorescent protein tagging in the model alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Mitochondrial Fission Factor Is a Novel Interacting Protein of the Critical B Cell Survival Regulator TRAF3 in B Lymphocytes.

Proteins controlling mitochondrial fission have been recognized as essential regulators of mitochondrial functions, mitochondrial quality control and cell apoptosis. In the present study, we identified the critical B cell survival regulator TRAF3 as a novel binding partner of the key mitochondrial fission factor, MFF, in B lymphocytes. Elicited by our unexpected finding that the majority of cytoplasmic TRAF3 proteins were localized at the mitochondria in resting splenic B cells after culture for 2 days, we found that TRAF3 specifically interacted with MFF as demonstrated by co-immunoprecipitation and GST pull-down assays.